火与恶之神:Loki(洛基)
Loki原是属于巨人族,后来因为其母亲为Odin的乳母,故和Odin结拜为兄弟,才成为「诸神国度」–Asgard的众神之一。 一般说来,他是象征了宇宙间的恶势力,可是北欧人又付与他复杂的性格。Loki是灶火的拟人化,火是能为人造福,亦能为人祸害,Loki亦然。他的行为,最初是善恶兼半,并且他的恶亦非出于故意,只是”无心之恶”而已。但后来,Loki的”无心之恶”,渐渐成了有意为恶;这时,Loki便成为代表了恶势力的”神”了。最后他成为诸神中的叛徒。在道德上Loki与Thor是相对的。Thor代表对生活抱持诚恳实在的态度;而Loki则是游戏人间的态度,且终于成为喜欢作恶的恶习,变成只知自私与狡诈。Loki所代表的恶,是世上最普遍而且起先并不太使人嫌恶的狡猾和爱开玩笑的恶。因此,Loki最初仍为诸神们所接纳,常听从他的提议。直到后来由于欺骗了盲神Hoder,杀死了Balder,因此被擒获遭到了「永罚」。 Loki的身世,北欧古代的诗人就有多种的说法。或谓他是Odin的结拜弟兄。或谓Loki是Odin出生以前的神只,是宇宙间最原始的物质的拟人化化,他是巨人Ymir的儿子,他的兄弟是Kari(空气)和Hler(水),他的姐妹是可怕的海之女神Ran。别的神话学者则有第三种说法,以为Loki是巨人Bergelmir(见创世纪故事)的儿子,Bergelmir是在Ymir被杀后流血成洪水时惟一的幸存者。 Loki和Glut(炽热)生下两个孩子Eisa(余烬)和Einmyria(灰),都是女的。北欧的家庭主妇们看见燃烧的木柴在灶火中爆响,还说是Loki在打他的孩子。 他又和女巨人Angerboda,生了三个可怕的儿女:巨狼Fenrir、大蛇Jormungandr和Hela。另外,他也是Odin的八脚神驹-Sleipnir的母亲。 Loki既被视为邪神,北欧人是只有畏惧,并无崇敬,所以他没有祭庙。他有时又被视为代表了夏天的炎热,农人们常称大热天是因为水都被Loki喝光。 Hela Hela是Loki的么女,被Odin丢入悲哀和被诅咒之地「死人国度」–Niflheim,于是她便和爱犬Garm统治了这黑夜和死亡之国。Hela把病死和因衰老而死的人都安置在自己的领地里。 她所居住的地方称为雨雪宫-Eliudnis,用的餐具叫「空腹」,刀子叫「饥饿」,侍者是「迟顿」,女仆为「缓慢」,门是「苍白的悲哀」,门槛叫「绝望」,床是「心痛」,房内的帷幕则称「燃烧的忧闷」。Hela的身体一半为肉色,一半为蓝色,脸上总是露出严肃而恐怖的神情,任何人一见到她,便知道是谁。
LOKI库 Loki is the name of a C++ software library written by Andrei Alexandrescu as part of his book Modern C++ Design. The library makes extensive use of C++ template metaprogramming and implements several commonly used tools: typelist, functor, singleton, smart pointer, object factory, visitor and multimethods. Originally the library was only compatible with two of the most standard conforming C++ compilers (CodeWarrior and Comeau C/C++): later efforts have made it usable with a wide array of compilers (including older Visual C++ 6.0, Borland C++ Builder 6.0, and GCC). Compiler vendors used Loki as a compatibility benchmark, further increasing the number of compliant compilers. Maintenance and further development of Loki has been continued through an open-source community led by Peter Kümmel and Richard Sposato as a Sourceforge project.Ongoing contributions by many people have improved the overallrobustness and functionality of the library. Loki is not tied to thebook anymore as it already has a lot of new components (e.g. -StrongPtr, Printf, and Scopeguard). Loki inspired similar tools andfunctionality now also present in the [1][2]Boost library collection.